Top 03 Foods That Were Invented By Complete Accident

Have you ever wondered how your favorite foods were invented?Most of us probably envision a chef or a food company employee experimenting endlessly to craft the perfect concoction for palates that are tired of the same old thing. A pinch of this, a dash of that, and voila! Finally, after days or even months of hard work, a new food is created.As it turns out, pure dumb luck is often the greatest inventor of all. Here are 10 favorite foods that came about by complete accident.

Popsicles
In 1905, Frank Epperson invented the Popsicle. This delicious fruity treat is something that almost everyone has tasted. When it is hot in the summer, it is good to have your fridge stuffed with these treats.Frank was only 11 years old when he invented these ice pops. This child had received some soda-making equipment and was excited to start producing soda. Accidentally, he left the sugary mixture out overnight.The night was bitterly cold. By the next morning, the stick he had used to stir the soda had frozen into the mixture.The young inventor proceeded to lick the soda blend off the stick. He called it the “Epsicle,” naming it after himself. Then he started to sell his concoction to neighbors and friends in his area. They all enjoyed the sweet treat. In 1924, he patented his invention and renamed it as “Popsicle.”[1]

Chocolate Chip Cookies
In 1930, Ruth Wakefield invented the chocolate chip cookie. You may be wondering how such a delicious treat could have been created by complete mistake. But, of course, it was. Surprisingly enough, she and her loving husband owned a tourist lodge called the Toll House Inn.One day at the inn, she was making chocolate cookies for her many guests and discovered that she had run out of baker’s chocolate, one of the key ingredients. Instead of running to the store to grab more baker’s chocolate, she chopped up some Nestle chocolate and put it into the cookie batter.She assumed that the Nestle chocolate would spread out to create a whole chocolate cookie when it was baked in the oven. Instead, she invented the chocolate chip cookie.[2] This one little mistake created greatness in America’s food history.

Ice Cream Cones
In 1904, Arnold Fornachou created ice cream cones—with some help from a fellow vendor. Business was booming on that hot summer day, and eventually, Arnold ran out of plastic cups in which to serve his mouthwatering ice cream. Luckily, a pastry chef was selling pastries nearby and came to Arnold’s rescue.[3]The pastry chef had some waffles left over. He showed Arnold how to roll them up to form a cone-like shape that would easily hold a good amount of ice cream. This was a delicious way to serve ice cream, and Arnold’s customers loved it.Today, ice cream is served in wafer cones, waffle cones, kiddie cones, and even waffle cone bowls. We can all thank Arnold Fornachou and the pastry chef for this great invention.
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Weird Genetic Fact

Among the great discoveries of the 20th century was that of the role of DNA in heritability and the maintenance of life. Each of our cells contains almost two meters (6.5 ft) of DNA coiled within it. The study of DNA is still ongoing, but some of the discoveries so far have been a bit weird.

Hybrid Vigor
We all know the dangers of inbreeding and that it is probably not best to marry a close relative. Charles II, the king of Spain in the late 1600s, was so inbred that instead of the usual eight great-grandparents, he only had four. A glance at his portrait and biography will show that this was not a good idea.But something interesting happens when you breed two inbred individuals from different families together. The offspring of such a match will often show a level of physical fitness well above either parent, and sometimes greater than the general population. This effect is called heterosis, or hybrid vigor. What seems to happen is that, for an inbred individual to survive, they must have some valuable traits to offset the detrimental ones. An individual who has been inbred from a different family will have different sets of genes. The cross will benefit from the good dominant traits and hide the negative recessive traits. This also explains the current trend of crossbreeding purebred dogs.
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Epigenetics
Just when you think you have genetics figured out, a new set of complications arises. You inherit one copy of a gene from your mother and one from your father, and you would think they would interact in a nice, equal style. Alas, the inequality between the genders is more than skin-deep.Epigenetics is the study of the changes which can be made to DNA without changing the actual sequence of the DNA itself. Chemical modifications to the DNA can make a gene more or less active. This imprinting, as it is called, can have large effects on offspring health. Two disorders—Angelman syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome—are caused by the inheritance of the same genetic information, but they have widely differing symptoms. The same DNA sequence causes different effects, and it all depends on whom you inherit that piece of DNA from. If the DNA is from your mother, you will develop Prader-Willi syndrome. If the DNA is from your father, you will develop Angelman syndrome.

Mosaicism
It is often said that the DNA in all of our cells is the same. This is broadly true, except in the case of mutations. If a mutation happens when an embryo is young, say eight or 16 cells, then all of the descendants of the mutated cell will inherit the mutation. This will lead to patches of the adult organism having the mutation while others don’t. This can lead to visible changes, such as patches of colored skin or hair, or localized diseases. In humans it can be possible to see stripes (called Blaschko’s lines) that occur when two colored cell types develop together.Occasionally it happens that two embryos in a womb will fuse at an early stage of development. The cells of the two embryos mingle and develop as a single individual. That one organism will then have two sets of DNA. Due to cell migration in embryo development, the resulting organism will end up with patches of each type of cell. In this case of mosaicism, the organism is referred to as a chimera.

Repeats
Proteins are coded for in DNA in sections of three base pairs in length (codons). When DNA is copied there is a proofreading process which makes sure that the copy is the same as the original. Mutations occur when a mistake slips through the proofreading, an event which only happens about once every several million base pairs. But certain sites are more likely to accumulate mutations than others. Sometimes there are repeated runs of the same codon, called trinucleotide repeats. These make it harder for the proofreading mechanism.In Huntington’s disease, the gene involved has a number of runs of CAG in its code. If during copying an extra set of CAG base pairs is slipped in, the proofreading mechanism might miss it, as there are CAG repeats on either side. As a result, when the protein is produced, it has an extra amino acid in it. Luckily there is some flexibility in the protein which allows for some additions. Only when the length of the mutation reaches a critical length does the disease show. And because mistakes accumulate with each generation, Huntington’s disease appears to get worse from parent to child.

05 Book Predictions That Really Came True

All through history, there have been startling accounts of people foreseeing the future, accounts that unnervingly hit or miss the mark. From Nostradamus predicting the Great Fire of London in 1666 (totally happened, according to some) to the Mayans prophesizing the Earth’s end in 2012 (er, not so much), history isn’t exactly lacking in the premonition department.These premonitions are actually more common than you might think. And it’s not just doom-filled calendars and ancient textbooks from the middle ages; there are plenty of contemporary premonitions that have been published, funnily enough, in works of fiction. Most literary forecasts that pop up in books are often brushed off as purely coincidental or chalked up to being educated guesses, but some of them are almost too unsettling for words. Let’s take a look.

Super Sad True Love Story By Gary Shteyngart
The novel Super Sad True Love Story, published in 2010, follows the romantic entanglement of Lenny Abramov and Eunice Park in a near-future dystopian New York, where life is dominated by technology and bad debt. Credit rating is broadcasted to the world through “apparats,” which bear a striking resemblance to the iPhone 4.In the novel, economic chaos reigns. The US is hopelessly in debt to China, the dollar is devalued, America has defaulted on its debt, and China scolds the country publicly. This exact event was mirrored in real life across international news channels when China stated that Washington must “cure its addiction to debt” less than a year later.[1]Shteyngart also managed to predict the Occupy Wall Street Movement in 2011. And though his predictions are parodic for sure, most of them have come true, proving, perhaps, that we live in a world where reality takes its cues from fiction.

2001: A Space Odyssey By Arthur C. Clarke
Although many consider 2001: A Space Odyssey a film and solely that, there was, in fact, a book that was written concurrently alongside the screenplay by Arthur C. Clarke, based on his short story, “The Sentinel.” It roughly follows a similar plotline but is based more on the revised version of the script and not the deviation the film eventually took. However, in both versions, we get a glimpse of the “newspad,” a device that features instant access to periodicals and other information all across the world. It looks like an iPad and works like one. The book was published in 1968, and the iPad was introduced in 2010, 42 years after the film and movie came out, so it’s no wonder that Kubrick is regarded as the sci-fi seer of his time.[2]Then again, perhaps it wasn’t Kubrick who saw the future but Steve Jobs who copied Kubrick?

Gulliver’s Travels By Jonathan Swift
In the world-famous Gulliver’s Travels, Swift takes us on several fantastical adventures across the hidden corners of the globe, where Lemuel Gulliver meets the Lilliputians in a far-off country, encounters the giants in Brobdingnag, and then goes on to visit the flying land of Laputa, where Swift’s premonitions rapidly come into play.It turns out that Laputa’s astronomers have discovered that Mars has two moons, 150 years before they were observed by Asaph Hall in 1877. The fact that his prediction was based on mere conjecture is far more impressive than someone who makes an educated and informed guess, as even their proximity and orbit are fairly accurate.[3]Hall named the moons Phobos and Deimos. In a nod to Gulliver’s Travels, a crater on Deimos was named Swift after the writer himself, a tribute as remarkable as the premonition that inspired it.

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Looking Backward: 2000–1887 By Edward Bellamy
Living in a time of social and economic turmoil in the late 19th century, Edward Bellamy grew embittered by the slow creation of labor unions, the violence surrounding the working-class majority, and hostility toward the privileged minority. The American writer therefore outlined his opinions and advice for the future in his novel, Looking Backward: 2000–1887. In it, protagonist Julian West falls into a hypnotized deep sleep and wakes up a century later, in the year 2000. The world has become a socialist utopia, where all of America’s goods are distributed equally to its citizens. It was Bellamy who first introduced the concept of credit cards to the world before they were ever invented, when his character is taken to a store and given one that works like a debit card.[4]They acquire all the products and services necessary to lead a comfortable life, depending on the buyer’s situation. Although not exactly the same as the present day, it’s still with remarkable foresight that Bellamy created this concept—now adopted by banks all over the world. And to think that far ahead in the late 1880s was something only a very forward-thinking individual could conceive. That, or a time traveler.

Stand On Zanzibar By John Brunner
Predicting the presidency of specific people is no easy feat. Yet John Brunner, in his novel Stand on Zanzibar, did just that. The book was science fiction, a novel set years in the future which follows two roommates: One is an executive at a powerful global company, and the other is a spy. Brunner also predicted outbreaks of violence in schools and acts of terrorism becoming a massive threat to the United States. Although he wrote his book in the 1960s, Brunner successfully predicts young adults’ hookup culture, drugs to improve sexual performance, electric cars, inflation prices, and even how homosexual relationships go mainstream.[5]It’s a future that’s not far off from our current reality, and the truly bizarre coincidence comes in the shape of a major world leader, a man called President Obomi, a mirror version of Obama. And it’s not just the weirdly similar names and the fact that he’s the US president; he even looks like Obama.Never mind our floozy hookup culture; that’s just plain remarkable, given that it was published in 1968 and set in 2010, not long after Obama’s actual election. Mcafee Support Number

03 Hurricane Survivors And Their Stories Of Survival

There are many devastating natural disasters that will we see throughout our lifetimes. One of the worst are hurricanes. Hurricanes have been responsible for millions of deaths throughout history, and each year, we get to witness at least a few of these terrifying storms. Even though there have been so many deaths due to hurricanes, there are also a lot of heroic survival stories. Some of the following people survived against all odds, and here are their amazing stories.

Jennifer Lowry
Jennifer Lowry survived Hurricane Odile in 2014. This hurricane hit Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Hurricane Odile was a very unique storm. Back in September 2014, it was broadcasted that Odile would be near Cabo but that it would head out to sea and peter out, so residents and guests weren’t too alarmed by the hurricane nearing them. Unfortunately, the hurricane unpredictably changed its course, and because of this, it became a very severe storm. Since the people in Cabo were not expecting this magnitude of a hurricane, 18 people lost their lives, and many were very unprepared for the events that were about to occur. Lowry was one of them.[1] Lowry was on a trip to Cabo with her friends when the storm hit. Her and many hotel guests were provided a safe place and shelter from the storm in the hotel ballroom. Even though Lowry was unharmed, many hotel guests who arrived at the ballroom had been cut up by broken glass. She also described the horrible sounds that she heard as the winds screamed by the hotel. Lowry and her friends had to stay an extra week in Cabo after the hurricane because the airport was completely destroyed. Even though this story is of a woman who was relatively safe throughout the hurricane, it still shows just how scary one of these storms can be if it suddenly changes course and intensity.
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Isabel Ramos
Isabel Ramos survived Hurricane Andrew in 1992. This hurricane hit Miami-Dade County, Florida, where Ramos is a resident. Hurricane Andrew was incredibly severe and was very devastating to Ramos. The night the storm hit, Ramos’s house was completely destroyed and fell apart around her. Ramos was able to find shelter with her dogs in her garage. She heard the howling wind and her house falling down outside her garage. She was trapped in her garage for hours and even had to hold up part of of the roofing to protect herself and her dogs.[2]Ramos’s story shows just how devastating hurricanes can be and how you can pretty much lose everything you own. It also shows how important it is to keep yourself safe during a storm like this and to not worry about your other possessions.

The Smiths
The Smiths are a married couple who survived Hurricane Harvey in 2017. Not only did they have to brave harsh conditions, but they are also on this list for another reason: Annie Smith went into labor during the peak of the hurricane. Harvey was one of the worst storms the United States has ever seen; imagine having a baby while that was going on. The Smiths reached out to the director of Annie’s fellowship program, who contacted their local fire department for help. The fire department sent a truck to the Smiths’ house. The truck had to go through many feet of water, and the rescue was very difficult for the firefighters. They, along with neighbors, had to form a human chain to rescue the Smiths. Eventually, the Smiths made it to the fire truck.[3] Annie gave birth 12 hours later.
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Grenfell Tower: 'Stay put' advice failed, says expert

Advice to "stay put" during the Grenfell Tower fire had "effectively failed" within around half an hour of the blaze starting, a report has found.

Dr Barbara Lane said there was "an early need for total evacuation of Grenfell Tower", but she added it was not an "easy decision to make".

Her comments are in one of five reports published at the start of the fact-finding stage of the public inquiry.

Seventy-two people died as a result of the blaze, the inquiry has said.

This includes Maria Del Pilar Burton, 74, who died in January. She had been in hospital since she was rescued from the 19th floor.

The inquiry is expected to last around 18 months.

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What happened at Grenfell Tower?
Grenfell Tower inquiry: What is happening?
Who were the victims?
Having already heard seven full days of tributes to the tragedy's victims, the public inquiry has turned to the cause and spread of the fire.

Five expert reports were published on Monday morning, looking at the tower's safety measures and the evacuation on 14 June last year.

The reports include three studies of how the fire spread - including one examining the contribution of the highly flammable cladding and insulation which had been installed as part of a refurbishment.

Another report considered the building's own fire protection measures, and another the safety regulations in place at the time of the tragedy.

When the fire was first reported at 00:54 BST, residents were initially given advice to "stay put" inside the building.

In her report, Dr Lane said this advice had "effectively failed" by 01:26.

A change in policy recommending residents try to leave wasn't made until 02:47 BST, one hour and 53 minutes after the first emergency call.Prof Jose Torero's report said a "stay put" strategy was appropriate while the fire was contained to flat 16, but not once the fire started to spread up the building.

He said that once the fire had breached the flat - the "second phase" - it would have been better for residents to have left their flats and exited the building.

Prof Niamh Nic Daeid's report stated that the fire began in the south-east corner of the kitchen in flat 16 on the fourth floor of the tower but there was "insufficient" evidence to determine the exact cause.

She said the "cause of the fire remains undetermined" but the origin was more than likely around a fridge-freezer in the flat.
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Scotland to review conviction of Lockerbie bomber

LONDON (Reuters) - Scotland is to review the conviction of the only man found guilty of the Lockerbie aircraft bombing to decide whether to allow his family to launch a fresh appeal.

Pam Am flight 103 was blown up over the Scottish town of Lockerbie in December 1988 en route from London to New York, an attack that killed 270 people.

In 2001, Libyan intelligence officer Abdel Basset al-Megrahi was jailed for life after being found guilty - in association with others never identified - of what remains Britain’s deadliest militant attack.

Megrahi, who denied being involved, died in Libya in 2012.

He was released three years earlier by Scotland’s devolved government on compassionate grounds after being diagnosed with terminal cancer.

Before going home, Megrahi abandoned an appeal against conviction in 2009.

The Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission (SCCRC) said on Thursday it would conduct a full review of his conviction to decide whether to refer the case for a fresh appeal.

“In any application where an applicant has previously chosen to abandon an appeal against conviction the Commission will ... look carefully at the reasons why the appeal was abandoned and consider whether it is in the interests of justice to allow a further review of the conviction,” said SCCRC Chief Executive Gerard Sinclair.

He added in a statement: “... the Commission believes that Mr Megrahi, in abandoning his appeal, did so as he held a genuine and reasonable belief that such a course of action would result in him being able to return home to Libya, at a time when he was suffering from terminal cancer.

“On that basis, the Commission has decided that it is in the interests of justice to accept the current application for a full review of his conviction.”

Most of the victims of the explosion over the town of Lockerbie were Americans on their way home from Europe for Christmas.

Eleven people died on the ground as the New York-bound jet plunged from the sky after a bomb exploded in its hold some 40 minutes after leaving London’s Heathrow airport.

In 2003, former Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi accepted Libya’s responsibility for the bombing and paid compensation to the victims’ families but did not admit personally ordering the attack.

After his overthrow and killing in 2011, two Libyan prosecutors were appointed to work with Scottish and U.S. investigators trying to identify the other perpetrators.

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Why The World Needs A Way Of Measuring The Effectives Of Countries’ Investments In Their Own People

Countries need to invest in their most important asset – their own people – and it pays to start early.

Children, who receive the right nutrition early on in life, learn much more effectively when they start school. This in turn has a huge knock-on effect on their ability to thrive in the workplace as an adult.

Vietnam is a shining example of a country which has invested in its own people in the last two decades, and has reaped huge benefits. It has focused on providing proper nutrition and quality education and the number of stunted children in the country fell by nearly 60% between 1985 and 2013, while pupils in its schools are now learning two times more each year than their peers in other countries with higher income levels.

As I laid out in my new development offer earlier this month, our focus should be on helping developing countries stand on their own feet, grow their economies, collect taxes and build sustainable health and education systems. To ensure UK aid is not just “spent well”, but “could not be better spent” we must ensure that the money we give builds that progress.

That’s why I strongly support the World Bank President Jim Kim’s plan for a Human Capital Index. This is a way of measuring how effective countries’ investments in their own people actually are. We should recognise and reward countries which are getting this right, and incentivise and support the rest to make the big shift that’s needed. Crucially, the index will allow countries to identify areas where they can invest to make big changes.


Donors, such as the UK, should ensure that the projects and programmes we fund become more than the sum of their parts. The sooner we can help nations build sustainable public services the better. After all, weak healthcare systems in the developing world are not just a danger for the people that live there – they pose a risk to us all. And many countries are stepping up. Countries like Ghana and Kenya are leading the way in enrolling more poor people in their national health insurance schemes so that they can get the services they need – from both public and private providers – to keep them healthy.

This progress can only happen if we move nations from aid to trade, and build strong tax systems.

UK aid together with HMRC is supporting tax reform in five tax trailblazer countries: Rwanda, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, and we want to do more.

We should recognise that inclusive free trade and the creation of jobs and livelihoods is the most reliable bringer of peace and has made the greatest contribution to the massive improvements made in the last two decades in reducing the number of people living in extreme poverty.

Finance ministers who have been keen to outsource their responsibilities to donors are starting to realise their country is missing out on the next wave of investment and growth because other countries’ people are a better draw.

And those nations shouldering additional burdens, looking after refugees and displaced people, as well as their own also need recognition for the immense service they do.

Jim Kim’s Index will be invaluable for UK aid and others in being able to implement this approach.

And to maximise its potential to encourage development as well as the return on British taxpayers funds, I would urge all investors to be guided by it.

Only by being hard-headed as well as warm-hearted will we deliver the Global Goals and deliver for the world’s poorest.
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